Data analysis is the process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. It involves analyzing large volumes of data to identify patterns, trends, and insights that can be used to make informed decisions. Data analysis can be done using various methods and tools, including statistical analysis, machine learning, data mining, and visualization techniques. It is a crucial part of research in many fields, including business, science, healthcare, and social sciences.